Hoof problems

By Your Horse

16 June 2010 21:47

Sensitive soles

Problem Work on hard or rough ground leads to bruised soles or general discomfort within the hoof.
Prevention/treatment James Nash suggests your farrier can help by taking care not to over-trim the sole or frog. “Flat leather or plastic pads can help but may cause sweating and bacterial issues underneath,” says James. Pads with support material underneath, or injected materials that form a supportive but absorbent layer, can take strain off the sensitive layers (laminae) by spreading concussive forces through other foot structures. “Both types of pad encourage retention of the horn of the sole and frog, creating hooves more able to cope with hard and uneven surfaces,” he explains.

Concussion-induced laminitis

Problem Excessive work on very hard ground, combined with poor-quality horn, can damage the laminae of the hoof. The resulting lameness can vary from slight to severe.
Prevention/treatment Laminitis is notoriously difficult to treat, so call your vet if you spot symptoms such as lameness, heat in the hoof or an increased digital pulse in the heels. Vet Gayle Hallowell says: “Any horse can get concussion-induced laminitis, but recurrent laminitis sufferers are more prone to it, so try to keep trot and canter to softer ground. Choose a sensible diet that meets nutritional requirements.”

Cracks and splits

Problem Cracks appear in the hoof wall – usually ‘grass cracks’ that originate from the bottom edge.
Prevention/treatment Your horse’s hooves should be correctly balanced and not too long in the toe. Supplements can ensure your horse is getting the right nutrients for quality hoof growth. James adds: “Problems with cracks can arise if invaded by micro-organisms, usually a pioneering fungus followed by hoof-digesting bacteria. This can lead to a widening of the crack and occasionally seedy toe, where the hoof wall separates from the laminae to create a cavity prone to infection.”

Risen clenches and loose shoes

Problem Shoes become loose or the nail ends (clenches) rise before your farrier’s regular visit.
Prevention/treatment Increased horn growth in spring and summer months may mean stepping up the frequency of your horse’s shoeing schedule. And make sure his hooves are dry when the farrier visits. Hooves shod while very wet will take the appearance of having risen nail clenches and may develop loose shoes very quickly, as the hoof will shrink between the shoe and the nails as it dries.